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Klinger Oscillator

Volume oscillator comparing the fast and slow EMA of volume force. The Klinger Oscillator sums the volume trend (a comparison of the current trend with the previous one) multiplied by volume. The result is the fast line (KO). The signal line is an EMA of KO. A cross of KO with the signal line or zero is used as a trading signal.

Formula:

Trend = +1 if (H+L+C) > (H_prev+L_prev+C_prev), else -1
DM = High - Low
CM = CM_prev + DM if Trend == Trend_prev, else DM_prev + DM
VF = Volume * |2*(DM/CM - 1)| * Trend * 100
KO = EMA(VF, fast) - EMA(VF, slow)
Signal = EMA(KO, signal)
ParameterTypeDefaultRange / Values
Fast Lengthint341-100
Signal Lengthint131-50
Slow Lengthint551-200
TriggerDirectionConditionDescription
Signal line cross up🟢 BuyThe main line crossed the signal line from below — a buy signal.The Klinger (KVO) line crosses the signal line from below — a bullish cross.
Signal line cross down🔴 SellThe main line crossed the signal line from above — a sell signal.The Klinger (KVO) line crosses the signal line from above — a bearish cross.
Zero cross up🟢 BuyThe indicator line crossed zero from below — a buy signal.The Klinger (KVO) line crosses the zero level from below.
Zero cross down🔴 SellThe indicator line crossed zero from above — a sell signal.The Klinger (KVO) line crosses the zero level from above.
Histogram crosses zero up🟢 BuyThe histogram crossed zero from below — a buy signal.The Klinger (KVO) histogram crosses the zero level from below — a bullish signal.
Histogram crosses zero down🔴 SellThe histogram crossed zero from above — a sell signal.The Klinger (KVO) histogram crosses the zero level from above — a bearish signal.
Slope turns positive🟢 BuyThe indicator’s slope turned positive — an upward reversal.The Klinger (KVO) line changes its slope from downward to upward — the indicator stopped falling and started rising.
Slope turns negative🔴 SellThe indicator’s slope turned negative — a downward reversal.The Klinger (KVO) line changes its slope from upward to downward — the indicator stopped rising and started falling.
Line diverges from signal↕️ BothThe distance between the main line and the signal line increased by the specified amount.The Klinger (KVO) line moves away from the signal line — momentum is strengthening.
Line converges to signal↕️ BothThe distance between the main line and the signal line decreased by the specified amount.The Klinger (KVO) line converges to the signal line: the distance narrows, a cross may be forming.
ParameterTypeDefaultRange / Values
Min Delta (Line converges to signal, Line diverges from signal)float00>